Amazon Attribution may be essentially the most underrated software in your promoting arsenal.
Right here’s the brutal actuality.
In response to SellerApp’s advert consultants, nearly all of patrons uncover a model via exterior adverts earlier than ever touchdown on Amazon. However most sellers are fully blind to which campaigns really drive gross sales. Sure, working exterior adverts in your Amazon merchandise can really feel like managing a challenge with zero visibility.
You’re spending cash on Fb, Google, possibly some e-mail campaigns, however you could have completely no clue which of them are literally shifting the needle. That’s precisely the issue that Amazon Attribution fixes in an effort to double down on what’s working and what’s not.
On this article, we’ll cowl every thing from what Amazon Attribution is, the way it works, key options, setup, prices, limitations, and even alternate options, so you already know precisely easy methods to use it to maximise your advert spend.
What Is Amazon Attribution?
Right here’s the deal.
Amazon Attribution is principally an Amazon Advert Supervisor’s challenge monitoring software for exterior advertising efforts. As soon as Amazon launched Amazon Promoting Attribution, you would assign your gross sales to an exterior supply, which suggests the name-tag system your advertising has been lacking is now there.
It offers you these “aha!” moments the place you lastly see which campaigns are pulling their weight and which of them are simply burning via your finances.
You’ll discover it contained in the Amazon Adverts Console. It seems as a separate Attribution dashboard the place you may generate and observe “Attribution tags” (particular monitoring hyperlinks for every exterior advert marketing campaign).
Amazon Attribution runs on distinctive monitoring hyperlinks (tags). Consider these like UTMs, however particular to Amazon. While you create a marketing campaign outdoors Amazon (say, a Fb advert or an e-mail), you embed an Attribution tag in your hyperlink to your Amazon product web page. It really works by way of Amazon’s first-party conversion monitoring system, tied to buyer actions inside the Amazon ecosystem.
Word: Proper now, Amazon Attribution is just open to skilled sellers enrolled in Amazon Model Registry, distributors, and businesses managing manufacturers on Amazon. It’s restricted to america, Canada, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, and Spain.
So now you should be considering,
How Does Amazon Attribution Work?
Usually, when you launch a Fb advert, you’d simply drop a hyperlink straight to your Amazon product itemizing. However there was an issue. As soon as buyers land on Amazon, they disappear into the group. Amazon certainly information the sale, however you don’t have any manner of realizing whether or not it got here out of your Fb advert, your Instagram submit, or simply random looking.
As soon as Amazon launched Amazon Promoting Attribution, you would assign your gross sales to a supply, which suggests the name-tag system your advertising has been lacking is now there. As a substitute of sending folks via a plain hyperlink, Amazon offers you a particular model of that very same hyperlink that features a hidden tracker, nearly like a reputation tag that whispers, “This one got here from Fb.”
When somebody clicks on an advert with an Amazon Attribution tag and later views or buys your product, that exercise will get linked again to your marketing campaign. Amazon Attribution makes use of a 14-day, last-touch mannequin. In easy phrases. The clicking solely counts if the patron converts inside 14 days, and if a number of adverts have been clicked, credit score goes to the latest click on earlier than the acquisition.
It adjustments every thing, particularly for a marketer, as a result of now they’ll lastly see which adverts are pulling the burden of the gross sales. They will double down on what works and cease losing cash the place it doesn’t. Which brings us straight to the principle query: how is it helpful?
What Can You Observe Utilizing Amazon Attribution?
Attribution offers you far more knowledge than you’d count on. It’s not simply “this advert labored, this one didn’t”; you get the total breakdown of what’s really taking place together with your site visitors.
Right here’s the checklist of Amazon Attribution metrics you could observe utilizing the dashboard:
- Whole variety of ‘Add to cart’,
- Model halo (influence of promoting represented as BH),
- Element web page views,
- New-to-brand purchases in quantity,
- New-to-brand product gross sales in quantity,
- New-to-brand models bought (in a single 12 months window),
- Product gross sales of promoted merchandise,
- Promoted product,
- Purchases,
- Whole purchases (Purchases + Purchases BH),
- Whole add to carts,
- Whole element web page views,
- Whole product gross sales,
- Whole models bought, and
- Items bought.
Allow us to clarify.
Gross sales and income (the stuff that issues)
You’ll see precisely how a lot cash every marketing campaign generated. Not simply your product gross sales, however every thing folks purchased after clicking your adverts. Somebody clicks your kitchen gadget advert and finally ends up with $200 value of cooking provides? You see all of it.
Plus, you get the timeline Did they purchase instantly or come again later? This tells you which of them campaigns drive impulse purchases versus which of them plant seeds for future gross sales.
Site visitors high quality breakdown
Amazon Attribution mannequin exhibits you which of them campaigns carry tire-kickers versus critical patrons. You’ll be able to see
- bounce charges,
- time spent looking, and
- what number of pages folks go to.
Buyer conduct patterns
You’ll uncover if individuals are shopping for simply your product or constructing greater procuring carts. Some campaigns would possibly carry clients who browse round and uncover your different merchandise.
Most significantly, Amazon Promoting Attribution additionally tracks returning clients.
For instance, that Google advert would possibly look costly upfront, but when these clients preserve coming again and shopping for extra stuff, the lifetime worth (LTV) adjustments every thing.
Geographic and gadget insights
Now you can discover out which Amazon attribution campaigns work higher in several areas or on cellular versus desktop. Possibly your Instagram adverts crush it with cellular customers in California, however flop in every single place else. Now you already know the place to focus.
Cross-campaign interactions
See how your completely different advertising efforts work collectively. Possibly folks uncover you on TikTok, analysis you on Google, then lastly purchase via a Fb retargeting advert. Attribution maps this complete journey so that you don’t by chance kill a marketing campaign that’s really supporting others.
Limitations of Amazon Attribution Program
Amazon Attribution acquired some critical gaps as properly.
Exterior site visitors solely: Amazon Attribution program misses inner Amazon site visitors fully. So that you get no visibility into how your Amazon PPC adverts work with exterior campaigns.
Monitoring points: Some platforms make monitoring tougher than others. iOS privateness adjustments have messed with Fb monitoring, and sure e-mail platforms don’t cross knowledge cleanly. You would possibly suppose a marketing campaign isn’t working when it’s really the monitoring that’s damaged.
Delayed reporting: Knowledge lags 24-72 hours. It could really feel like an inadequacy within the system if you’re attempting to optimize Amazon attribution marketing campaign in real-time.
No integrations: Amazon Attribution mannequin can’t pull knowledge into your major dashboard or mix with different analytics. As an adverts supervisor, you’re juggling knowledge throughout 5 completely different platforms, manually constructing spreadsheets to calculate ROI, and may’t see the total buyer journey. All the things must be accomplished manually, making reporting and automation a nightmare.
Say, you spend $100 on Fb adverts and see 500 clicks, however zero gross sales in Fb. Appears to be like like a failure, proper? However Amazon Attribution exhibits these clicks generated $300 in Amazon gross sales. However the issue is, these numbers dwell in separate programs, so that you’ll by no means join the dots except you manually test each platforms and do the mathematics your self.
Mounted home windows with restricted granularity: Amazon tracks 14 days post-click. Something longer than that it received’t be seen.
What Does Amazon Attribution Value?
Shortest reply? Completely nothing. Amazon Attribution is totally free. No setup charges, no month-to-month subscriptions, no “month-to-month premium” they’ll attempt to upsell you on later. You simply enroll and begin utilizing it.
So how does Amazon profit from it? Amazon makes its cash if you promote extra merchandise, in order that they’re incentivized to offer you instruments that enable you promote extra. Attribution helps you optimize your exterior advertising, which drives extra site visitors to Amazon, which makes them extra money. Everybody wins.
Who’s Amazon Attribution for?
Right here’s who ought to undoubtedly use Amazon Attribution.
Excellent for solo sellers working exterior adverts
For those who’re dealing with your personal advertising and spending cash on Fb, Google, TikTok, e-mail campaigns, or any site visitors outdoors Amazon, this Amazon attribution software may be useful.
Supreme for sellers with restricted budgets
When each greenback counts, you may’t afford to maintain funding campaigns that don’t convert. Attribution helps you determine winners and losers quick, so you may shift cash to what’s really working.
Nice for data-driven choice makers
For those who’re the kind who needs to see proof earlier than making adjustments, Amazon Attribution program offers you the laborious numbers. No extra guessing or going with intestine emotions about which campaigns to scale.
Not value it when you solely do Amazon PPC
If all of your promoting occurs inside Amazon’s ecosystem, Attribution received’t enable you. It solely tracks exterior site visitors, so inner Amazon adverts are invisible to it.
Skip it when you’re not working an exterior Amazon attribution marketing campaign but
No level organising Attribution when you’re not driving site visitors from outdoors Amazon. Give attention to getting your fundamental Amazon presence stable first, then fear about exterior advertising.
In all probability overkill for tiny advert spends
For those who’re spending lower than $200/month whole on exterior adverts, the insights may not justify the time funding. Your focus ought to most likely be on scaling up earlier than optimizing attribution.
How Does Amazon Attribution Work?
Right here’s the step-by-step breakdown of the Amazon Attribution workflow:
Arrange Amazon Attribution to get the attribution tag URL
1. Log in to your Amazon account to do an Amazon attribution login.
2. Navigate to the “Menu” tab from the highest left nook.
3. Go to “Measurement and Reporting” adopted by a click on on “Amazon Attribution”.
4. Click on on “Create marketing campaign”.
5. You’ll then have the choice to set it up manually or in bulk. For bulk setup, you may obtain a template file, comply with the directions, and add it.
To do it manually,
6. Title the marketing campaign appropriately to simply perceive which merchandise and channel it’s for (e.g., “product identify – channel”).
Word: You’ll be able to skip the “exterior ID” possibility throughout marketing campaign creation after Amazon attribution login.
7. Add the product by looking for its ASIN or identify.
8. Title the advert group.
Word: Amazon solely permits one tag per advert group.
9. Choose the platform/writer.
10. For the Click on-through URL, present your Amazon merchandise URL.
11. Lastly, click on “create” to finalize the setup.
Use the hyperlink to run adverts
1. As soon as accomplished, you will notice the Amazon Tag on the Amazon Attribution dashboard.
2. You’ll be able to then use this tag hyperlink to run your adverts on exterior platforms like Google, Fb, or TikTok.
Word: When you’ve got a lot of tags, you may obtain a CSV file to visualise all the info directly.
Monitoring and Reporting
• After working your advert for some days, knowledge will seem on the Amazon Attribution software dashboard, like so:
Amazon Model Referral Bonus
Utilizing Amazon Attribution straight helps you qualify for the Amazon Model Referral Bonus. For every sale generated via an attribution-tagged hyperlink, Amazon gives a ten% bonus based mostly on the product value.
Vendor Tip: As soon as enrolled for Amazon Model Referral Bonus, if in case you have already arrange Amazon Attribution campaigns, Amazon will routinely present the bonus based mostly on gross sales pushed by these tagged hyperlinks. This bonus might help decrease a few of your promoting prices.
Additionally, you entry all of it from the Amazon Vendor Central dashboard; there isn’t a separate Amazon attribution login required.
What Are the Greatest Amazon Attribution Options with Use Circumstances and Greatest Tricks to Make the Most of it?
Amazon Attribution has tons of options, however listed here are those that really matter if you’re attempting to determine the place you need to spend.
Amazon attribution marketing campaign monitoring
Each marketing campaign will get its personal particular hyperlink, so your Black Friday Fb adverts, Google search campaigns, and that e-mail blast you’re testing, every one get tracked individually. When gross sales roll in, you already know precisely which marketing campaign earned its preserve.
Say you’re working three campaigns, $200 on Fb, $150 on Google, $100 on Pinterest. With out Amazon Attribution mannequin, you see $800 in whole Amazon gross sales; beforehand, you had no clue how and which platform delivered essentially the most returns. With Amazon Promoting Attribution, you uncover Fb generated $500, Google made $200, and Pinterest introduced in $300, and you may calculate your return on spend.
So, no extra watching your general gross sales, questioning if that costly TikTok experiment is working or simply burning money.
Professional tricks to maximize this:
- Create separate hyperlinks for various advert creatives, not simply platforms. Take a look at which pictures/movies work finest by giving every inventive its personal Attribution hyperlink.
- Use descriptive marketing campaign names like “FB-Vacation-Video-Dec2024” so you may simply spot patterns in your knowledge.
- Arrange weekly calendar reminders to test Attribution knowledge and reallocate finances to profitable campaigns earlier than you waste cash on losers.
Income numbers, not simply metrics
Lastly, a dashboard that exhibits {dollars} as an alternative of “engagement charges.” As a substitute of “your marketing campaign acquired 3,400 impressions,” you see “your marketing campaign made you $890 this week.”
Say your Google adverts report exhibits 2,400 clicks and a 2.3% CTR. Sounds first rate, proper? However the Amazon Attribution dashboard reveals that these clicks solely generated $180 in gross sales when you spent $400.
Professional tricks to maximize this:
- Calculate your actual ROI by dividing Amazon Attribution mannequin income by your advert spend. Something under 3:1 wants quick consideration.
- Arrange month-to-month spreadsheets evaluating Attribution income vs advert spend for every platform. Cease campaigns that carry something below 2:1 ROI.
- Don’t get distracted by excessive click-through charges if the income isn’t there. A marketing campaign with 100 clicks that generates $500 beats one with 1,000 clicks that makes $200.
See the total procuring spree
You’re promoting kitchen devices and run a Fb advert in your $15 garlic press. Amazon Attribution progra, exhibits that the marketing campaign generated $2,400 in gross sales final month. However if you dig deeper, individuals who clicked that garlic press advert additionally purchased chopping boards, knife units, and different kitchen instruments. Your advert marketing campaign on Garlic Press really launched clients to your complete kitchen assortment.
Professional tricks to maximize this:
- Promote your lowest-priced merchandise. These are essentially the most interesting merchandise in adverts, since folks will uncover your different gadgets as soon as they’re on Amazon.
- Test which merchandise regularly get purchased collectively together with your marketed merchandise, then point out them in your advert copy as “bundles.”
Comply with the breadcrumbs
Amazon Promoting Attribution tracks clients for 2 weeks after they click on your adverts. So, somebody sees your Pinterest advert in the present day, doesn’t purchase, then googles your model subsequent week and purchases. You continue to get credit score for planting that seed. So benefit from it.
With out this perception, you’d’ve eradicated a marketing campaign that’s really working simply not directly. It additionally stops you from killing campaigns which are really nice at introducing folks to your model.
Professional tricks to maximize this:
- You’ll be able to solely optimize for the 14-day window Amazon exhibits you. So, hitting folks with reminder adverts 3-5 days after their preliminary click on is smart, however you may’t use Attribution knowledge to plan longer retargeting sequences.
Cross-product insights
For those who’ve acquired a number of merchandise, Amazon Attribution software exhibits which outdoors campaigns drive gross sales throughout your complete lineup. Your yoga mat advert would possibly carry clients who additionally seize blocks, straps, and water bottles out of your retailer.
You promote pet provides and run Instagram adverts in your canine toys. Amazon Attribution reveals that the marketing campaign didn’t simply promote toys; clients additionally purchased leashes, treats, and grooming provides out of your retailer. Your $30 toy advert generated $180 per buyer on common. Now you already know to point out your full product vary in these Instagram adverts as an alternative of specializing in only one merchandise.
Professional tricks to maximize this:
- Create “gateway product” campaigns that includes your most interesting merchandise, realizing it’ll drive gross sales throughout your catalog.
- Bundle complementary merchandise in your advert visuals. In case your yoga mat advert drives gross sales of blocks and straps, present them collectively.
- Use Attribution knowledge to optimize your Amazon storefront. Put your finest cross-selling merchandise prominently in your major web page.
Location and gadget breakdowns
Say your health tools adverts are flopping general, however Amazon Attribution exhibits they’re crushing it with cellular customers in California, Arizona, and Nevada. Seems your video inventive works completely on telephones in sunny states the place folks work out open air, however fails in every single place else.
Answer? Create separate campaigns concentrating on cellular customers in warm-weather states, and pause spending in areas the place it’s not working.
For an additional case, your skincare adverts present horrible conversion charges, however Amazon Attribution reveals that desktop customers convert 3x higher than cellular customers. The difficulty is that your product pictures are too small to see the small print on telephones. So, you get a well-rounded perception into your itemizing high quality as properly.
Professional tricks to maximize this:
- Create separate campaigns for cellular vs desktop when you determine which performs higher. Tailor your inventive in another way for every.
- Use geographic knowledge to regulate your concentrating on. If Southern states convert higher, allocate extra finances there and scale back spending in underperforming areas.
- Take a look at completely different advert creatives for various areas. Seashore exercise gear would possibly work in Florida, however fail in Minnesota throughout winter, so it needs to be shot individually.
Greatest Suggestions in your Amazon Attribution Technique (Resolve with these Cautions in thoughts)
Listed here are extra tricks to really use Amazon Attribution technique to cease losing cash on campaigns that don’t work.
Don’t ignore lifetime worth
Amazon Promoting Attribution exhibits quick gross sales, however some campaigns carry clients who preserve shopping for. Your Fb adverts would possibly solely generate $40 upfront, but when these clients spend $120 over three months. So, simply because it’s not seen in your 14-day knowledge from Attribution doesn’t imply it’s not working.
Grasp one channel first
Cease attempting to optimize 5 platforms directly. Decide your largest exterior site visitors supply and nail it fully earlier than including others. It most likely represents most of your exterior alternatives anyway.
Test weekly, not each day
Amazon Attribution program knowledge lags and each day checking will make you panic. That’s why we advise weekly critiques, displaying actual patterns as an alternative of random noise.
When platforms disagree, dig deeper
Fb exhibits nice engagement, however Amazon Attribution exhibits horrible gross sales? Don’t discontinue the marketing campaign straight away. Your Amazon product itemizing most likely wants work. So, repair your conversion as an alternative of chopping good site visitors.
Amazon Attribution Greatest Practices
Amazon Attribution is about constructing a framework that helps you persistently seize dependable insights. Right here’s easy methods to nail it proper from the beginning.
1. Manage campaigns round clear targets
Earlier than you create one other new marketing campaign, outline what you wish to measure or observe. Do you wish to take a look at marketing campaign efficiency throughout channels or audiences? Then construct a separate marketing campaign for every separate purpose or product for higher readability of insights.
In case your focus is driving consciousness for a brand new product launch, arrange a devoted marketing campaign only for that. For those who’re testing completely different site visitors sources, break up campaigns by channel so outcomes aren’t blended collectively.
2. Select URLs that match your targets
Effectiveness is determined by the place you lead your site visitors. If the purpose is direct gross sales for a particular product, hyperlink to that product’s element web page. If the purpose is getting observed, ship buyers to your Amazon Retailer to allow them to discover a number of gadgets.
3. Use bulk uploads to save lots of time
For advertisers working large-scale campaigns, the majority add function is a lifesaver. With one file, you may tag as much as 100,000 Google key phrases or 8,500 Fb/Instagram adverts, as an alternative of manually creating tags one after the other. This ensures consistency whereas releasing you to concentrate on optimization as an alternative of admin work.
4. Verify site visitors earlier than scaling
After tags go dwell, give them two days to substantiate knowledge is flowing appropriately. When you see clicks registering, transfer into weekly check-ins to trace stability and consistency earlier than scaling budgets.
5. Reap the benefits of the Model Referral Bonus
For those who’re enrolled in Amazon Model Registry, don’t miss out on the Model Referral Bonus program. You’ll be able to earn a median of 10% again on gross sales that come from exterior campaigns measured via Attribution. Consider it as Amazon rewarding you for sending high-quality site visitors to their market.
6. Begin contained in the Amazon Adverts Console
To entry Amazon Attribution, head to the Amazon Adverts Console, scroll to “Measurement & Reporting,” and choose Amazon Attribution. New advertisers might want to register earlier than they’ll start creating campaigns.
Sensible Use Circumstances of Amazon Attribution
Right here’s how sellers and advert managers use Amazon Attribution in apply:
Monitoring Influencer Campaigns
Say you companion with three influencers to advertise your product on Instagram and TikTok. You give every influencer a novel Attribution tag. On the finish of the marketing campaign, you could have laborious proof displaying which influencer really introduced within the cash. Meaning you may double down on partnerships that’re beneficial.
Proving Electronic mail Advertising and marketing’s Worth
Electronic mail is usually a “blind spot” for Amazon sellers as a result of Amazon doesn’t let you know which subscribers clicked your e-mail hyperlink, what number of of them really bought, how a lot income these campaigns generated. With Attribution, a model launching a brand new product can ship emails with tagged hyperlinks to their Amazon listings. When gross sales roll in, you’ll see precisely how a lot income your e-mail campaigns generated, supplying you with proof that your e-mail checklist pays off.
Measuring Content material Advertising and marketing Impression
Possibly you’ve invested in weblog posts, YouTube critiques, or PR placements. Usually, it’s laborious to inform if that content material results in gross sales. With Attribution hyperlinks positioned within the content material, you may measure which blogs or movies are literally sending buyers who convert on Amazon.
Making Social Media Adverts Extra Value-Efficient
Operating TikTok or Meta adverts to your Amazon listings? Attribution exhibits you not solely which campaigns are working but in addition unlocks Amazon’s Model Referral Bonus. With Amazon Attribution, each advert click on is tagged, so you may observe which campaigns are producing actual gross sales. On high of that, sellers additionally unlock the Amazon Model Referral Bonus, incomes as much as 10% again on each sale pushed from outdoors site visitors, primarily stretching your advert finances additional.
Testing Totally different Inventive Methods
Typically it’s in regards to the advert itself. Manufacturers usually get caught on which kind of advert resonates finest with buyers. For instance, you would possibly wish to take a look at a product demo video towards a way of life picture advert to know which works higher. With out correct monitoring, it’s laborious to inform which inventive really drives purchases on Amazon.
Utilizing Amazon Attribution, every inventive may be tagged with a novel hyperlink. So, when buyers click on via and make a purchase order, the info exhibits precisely which inventive drove the sale, permitting entrepreneurs to make smarter content material selections.
Amazon Attribution Alternate options
Listed here are 3 different instruments sellers use to trace their exterior advertising efficiency aside from the Amazon attribution mannequin.
Triple Whale
Consider Triple Whale because the command middle for all of your advertising. It exhibits you ways clients transfer throughout Shopify, e-mail, SMS, social, and paid adverts, aside from Amazon.
Principally, it stitches collectively all the buyer journey. It’s far more detailed than the Amazon Attribution mannequin. You’ll lastly see issues like lifetime worth throughout each channel, not simply one-off gross sales. Nevertheless it’s not free like Amazon Attribution. Plans begin round $50/month, and it’s loads to arrange when you solely promote on Amazon.
Triple Whale is good for multi-channel sellers juggling Amazon, Shopify, and extra who need one dashboard to rule all of them.
Northbeam
Northbeam is like Triple Whale however nerdier. It makes use of machine studying to determine which mixture of touchpoints really pushed somebody to purchase.
The extent of element is insane! It’s excellent for sellers working huge, layered funnels the place timing and sequencing matter, particularly whereas coping with advanced advertising methods. Pricing begins at $99/month, and it’s not beginner-friendly.
Hyros
If attribution instruments have been vehicles, Hyros can be the Ferrari. It’s AI-powered, correct, and designed to scale with companies spending huge on adverts. Hyros doesn’t get confused by messy buyer journeys. Whether or not somebody clicks 5 adverts, reads three emails, after which lastly buys on Amazon, Hyros connects each dot and exhibits you the actual ROI behind your advertising.
Thus, a favorite of sellers with elaborate knowledge analyst groups, because the setup is fairly sophisticated.
It’s certainly a favorite of established, high-volume sellers who run advanced funnels and need each penny of their advert spend accounted for. Their plans begin at $300/month.
Remaining ideas
On the finish of the day, Amazon Attribution is your actuality test. With out it, working exterior adverts is like tossing money into the wind and hoping it lands someplace helpful. With it, you lastly see which campaigns are driving actual income and which of them are simply costly noise.
The most effective half, undeniably, is the truth that it comes free of charge. You don’t want a $300/month AI software or a knowledge science diploma to begin making smarter advert selections or perhaps a separate Amazon attribution login. For many sellers, the Amazon Attribution software alone covers 90% of what you want.
Whereas Amazon Attribution is a improbable function to trace your advert income supply, you want advert consultants to rigorously assess the info, plan the finances, and tweak your advert construction accordingly. At SellerApp, our PPC consultants carry over a decade of promoting expertise to handle this duty in your model. E book a name to study extra about our Amazon Full Account Advertising and marketing and PPC administration companies, so you may concentrate on what you do finest, whereas we concentrate on what we have now mastered over time.
In case your Amazon promoting company finds it difficult to offer multichannel advert reporting, SellerApp Company Options might help. We provide end-to-end multichannel reporting companies that stretch your capabilities and ship extra worth to your purchasers.
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